Monaco has reinforced its commitment to childhood vaccination, approving new legislation that expands the list of mandatory immunisations while keeping the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine optional—albeit firmly encouraged and offered free of charge.

During the National Council’s public session on Tuesday, December 9, Social Affairs and Health Minister Christophe Robino underscored the importance of a robust vaccination framework, calling it “one of the most effective ways to protect children’s health.” He argued that mandatory vaccines must be both comprehensive—covering the full scope of preventable threats—and measurable, meaning only vaccines with proven safety and efficacy should be compulsory.

Bill No. 1101, now approved by the Council, updates Monaco’s vaccination requirements for children, transforming several previously recommended injections into mandatory ones. The HPV vaccine, however, remains voluntary despite its well-established track record since 2006. Health authorities repeated that it remains highly effective, reducing the risk of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions in women by around 90%, and preventing anogenital warts in both sexes. HPV is also a significant cause of cancers of the oropharynx, larynx, and oral cavity, with thousands of new cases each year in neighbouring France.

Countries with broad HPV coverage have already seen a marked decline in related cancers, helped along by herd immunity once vaccination rates exceed 50%. Monaco has been working to boost uptake through free vaccination since 2024 and school-based awareness campaigns. The Government plans to continue encouraging voluntary participation while monitoring legislative changes across Europe.

The bill also introduces a mechanism allowing mandatory vaccinations to be temporarily suspended by sovereign ordinance for a period of up to 18 months. Beyond that, any prolonged suspension must be confirmed through new legislation. This ensures that emergency or exceptional pauses don’t automatically lapse back into older rules without parliamentary oversight.

Robino thanked lawmakers and contributors to the bill’s development, emphasising that strengthening vaccination policy is central to maintaining public health and easing long-term pressure on the healthcare system.